TY - JOUR
T1 - 5G networks and their impact on the evolution of real-time monitoring and control systems for Industry 4.0
T2 - a systematic review
AU - Flores-Castañeda, Rosalynn Ornella
AU - Ledesma, Sabino Muñoz
AU - Olaya-Cotera, Sandro
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V. 2025.
PY - 2025
Y1 - 2025
N2 - The evolution of industry towards more efficient and automated environments requires control and monitoring systems capable of processing and transmitting information in real time. This systematic review analyses the impact of 5G networks on the evolution of real-time control and monitoring systems for Industry 4.0, identifying the main advances, methodologies used to evaluate their performance and reliability, implementation benefits, most studied industrial sectors, and associated technical challenges. A structured search was conducted in the Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and Taylor & Francis databases in March 2025, considering studies from 2021 to 2025 and applying the PRISMA 2020 methodology, complemented by bibliometric mapping using VOSviewer. The results show that 5G networks significantly improve efficiency, automation, and real-time monitoring in industrial environments. Advances in latency reduction, distributed processing, and process synchronisation are identified, supported by technologies such as cloud computing, artificial intelligence, and digital twins. The impact of 5G has been assessed using KPIs, tests in controlled environments, and methodologies based on intent-defined networks. The most studied sectors are manufacturing, logistics, and transport, followed by energy, automotive, and agri-food, where 5G optimises operations and improves connectivity. Challenges remain related to infrastructure costs, interoperability, and data security, which require structured implementation strategies. Practical implication: The findings offer guidance for researchers and professionals in the design and implementation of efficient industrial architectures based on 5G connectivity. In conclusion, the integration of 5G networks represents a key advance in industrial digitalisation and automation, although its mass adoption still requires overcoming technological and economic barriers.
AB - The evolution of industry towards more efficient and automated environments requires control and monitoring systems capable of processing and transmitting information in real time. This systematic review analyses the impact of 5G networks on the evolution of real-time control and monitoring systems for Industry 4.0, identifying the main advances, methodologies used to evaluate their performance and reliability, implementation benefits, most studied industrial sectors, and associated technical challenges. A structured search was conducted in the Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and Taylor & Francis databases in March 2025, considering studies from 2021 to 2025 and applying the PRISMA 2020 methodology, complemented by bibliometric mapping using VOSviewer. The results show that 5G networks significantly improve efficiency, automation, and real-time monitoring in industrial environments. Advances in latency reduction, distributed processing, and process synchronisation are identified, supported by technologies such as cloud computing, artificial intelligence, and digital twins. The impact of 5G has been assessed using KPIs, tests in controlled environments, and methodologies based on intent-defined networks. The most studied sectors are manufacturing, logistics, and transport, followed by energy, automotive, and agri-food, where 5G optimises operations and improves connectivity. Challenges remain related to infrastructure costs, interoperability, and data security, which require structured implementation strategies. Practical implication: The findings offer guidance for researchers and professionals in the design and implementation of efficient industrial architectures based on 5G connectivity. In conclusion, the integration of 5G networks represents a key advance in industrial digitalisation and automation, although its mass adoption still requires overcoming technological and economic barriers.
KW - 5G networks
KW - Control
KW - Evolution
KW - Industry 4.0
KW - Monitoring
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105021419460
U2 - 10.1007/s11135-025-02476-1
DO - 10.1007/s11135-025-02476-1
M3 - Artículo
AN - SCOPUS:105021419460
SN - 0033-5177
JO - Quality and Quantity
JF - Quality and Quantity
ER -