TY - JOUR
T1 - Chemical contents and toxicity of cigarette butts leachates in aquatic environment
T2 - A case study from the Persian Gulf region
AU - Soleimani, Farshid
AU - Dobaradaran, Sina
AU - Vazirizadeh, Amir
AU - Mohebbi, Gholamhossein
AU - Ramavandi, Bahman
AU - De-la-Torre, Gabriel E.
AU - Nabipour, Iraj
AU - Schmidt, Torsten C.
AU - Novotny, Thomas E.
AU - Maryamabadi, Ammar
AU - Kordrostami, Zahra
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2023/1
Y1 - 2023/1
N2 - Cigarette butts (CBs) are one of the most commonly found types of litter contaminating the aquatic environment. However, the environmental risks posed by CBs need further investigation. In this study, the in-vivo toxic effects of various concentrations of CB leachates on juvenile (5.45 ± 1.36 gr and 7.08 ± 1.12 cm) fish (Periophthalmus waltoni) were evaluated. The LC50 values of CB leachate from smoked cigarette butts with tobacco (SCB) were 3.75, 3.0, 1.94, and 1.37 CBs/L in 24, 48, 72, and 96 h exposure times, respectively. The LC50 values for leachate of smoked CBs without tobacco (SF) were 7.58, 6.22, 4.73, and 2.9 CBs/L at 24, 48, 72, and 96 h exposure times, respectively. In the case of leachate from unsmoked filters (USF), LC50 values were 14.68, 12.44, 10.19, and 7.46 CBs/L in 24, 48, 72, and 96 h exposure time, respectively. The mean concentrations of heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in SCBs leachates were higher than in SF and USF leachates. Our findings report that even low concentrations of CBs leachates can led to lethality of P. waltoni and may pose a threat to their population density.
AB - Cigarette butts (CBs) are one of the most commonly found types of litter contaminating the aquatic environment. However, the environmental risks posed by CBs need further investigation. In this study, the in-vivo toxic effects of various concentrations of CB leachates on juvenile (5.45 ± 1.36 gr and 7.08 ± 1.12 cm) fish (Periophthalmus waltoni) were evaluated. The LC50 values of CB leachate from smoked cigarette butts with tobacco (SCB) were 3.75, 3.0, 1.94, and 1.37 CBs/L in 24, 48, 72, and 96 h exposure times, respectively. The LC50 values for leachate of smoked CBs without tobacco (SF) were 7.58, 6.22, 4.73, and 2.9 CBs/L at 24, 48, 72, and 96 h exposure times, respectively. In the case of leachate from unsmoked filters (USF), LC50 values were 14.68, 12.44, 10.19, and 7.46 CBs/L in 24, 48, 72, and 96 h exposure time, respectively. The mean concentrations of heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in SCBs leachates were higher than in SF and USF leachates. Our findings report that even low concentrations of CBs leachates can led to lethality of P. waltoni and may pose a threat to their population density.
KW - Aquatic organisms
KW - Cigarette butts
KW - Periophthalmus waltoni
KW - The Persian gulf
KW - Toxicity
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85141331568&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137049
DO - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137049
M3 - Artículo
AN - SCOPUS:85141331568
VL - 311
JO - Chemosphere
JF - Chemosphere
SN - 0045-6535
M1 - 137049
ER -
