Association between Lipid Profile and Apolipoproteins with Risk of Diabetic Foot Ulcer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Juan R. Ulloque-Badaracco, Melany D. Mosquera-Rojas, Enrique A. Hernandez-Bustamante, Esteban A. Alarcón-Braga, Ricardo R. Ulloque-Badaracco, Ali Al-Kassab-Córdova, Percy Herrera-Añazco, Vicente A. Benites-Zapata*, Adrian V. Hernandez

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

17 Scopus citations

Abstract

Background and Aims. Biomarkers are necessary to stratify the risk of diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs). This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the association between the lipid profile and apolipoproteins with the risk of DFU. Methods. A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science among adult patients. Cohort and case-control studies were included. Random-effects models were used for meta-analyses, and the effects were expressed as odds ratio (OR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs). We evaluated publication bias through Egger's test and funnel plot. Results. A total of 12 cohort studies and 26 case-control studies were included, with 17076 patients. We found that the higher values of total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), triglycerides, and lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) were associated with a higher risk of developing DFU (OR: 1.47, OR: 1.47, OR: 1.5, OR: 1.85, respectively). Otherwise, the lower values of HDL were associated with a higher risk of developing DFU (OR: 0.49). Publication bias was not found for associations between TC, HDL, LDL, or TG and the risk of DFU. Conclusions. The high values of LDL, TC, TG, and Lp(a) and low values of HDL are associated with a higher risk of developing DFU. Furthermore, we did not find a significant association for VLDL, ApoA1, ApoB, and ApoB/ApoA1 ratio.

Original languageEnglish
Article number5450173
JournalInternational Journal of Clinical Practice
Volume2022
DOIs
StatePublished - 2022

Keywords

  • Adult
  • Apolipoproteins
  • Apolipoproteins B
  • Case-Control Studies
  • Cholesterol, HDL
  • Diabetes Mellitus
  • Diabetic Foot
  • Humans
  • Triglycerides

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